Reed
Organ: A reed organ, also called parlor organ,
pump organ, cabinet organ, cottage organ, is an organ
that generates its sounds using free metal reeds.
Smaller, cheaper and more portable than pipe organs,
reed organs were widely used in smaller churches and
in private homes in the 19th century, but their volume
and tonal range are limited, and they were generally
confined to one or two manuals, with pedalboards being
extremely rare.
Harmonium:
A harmonium is a free-standing keyboard instrument
similar to a reed organ. Sound is produced by air,
supplied by foot-operated or hand-operated bellows,
being blown through sets of free reeds, resulting in a
sound similar to that of an accordion.
Bandoneon:
The bandoneón is a type of concertina particularly
popular in Argentina. It plays an essential role in
the orquesta tipica, the tango orchestra. The
bandoneón, called bandonion by its German inventor,
Heinrich Band (1821–1860), was originally intended
as an instrument for religious music and the popular
music of the day, in contrast to its predecessor, the
German concertina (or Konzertina), considered to be a
folk instrument by some modern authors. German sailors
and Italian season workers and emigrants brought the
instrument with them to Argentina in the late
nineteenth century, where it was incorporated into the
local music, such as tango.
Accordion:
The accordion is a box-shaped musical instrument of
the bellows-driven free-reed aerophone family,
sometimes referred to as a squeezebox. A person who
plays the accordion is called an accordionist. It is
played by compressing or expanding a bellows whilst
pressing buttons or keys, causing valves, called
pallets, to open, which allow air to flow across
strips of brass or steel, called reeds, that vibrate
to produce sound inside the body.
Flutina:
The flutina is an early precursor to the diatonic
button accordion, having one or two rows of treble
buttons, which are configured to have the tonic of the
scale, on the "draw" of the bellows. There
is usually no bass keyboard: the left hand operates an
air valve (silent except for the rush of air). A
rocker switch, called a "bascule d'harmonie"
is in the front of the keyboard. When this switch is
thumb activated, it would open up a pallet (a pad that
covers a tone hole, at the other end of the key
button(s), (see photo) for a simple Tonic/Dominant
drone: Tonic on the draw and Dominant on the press,
e.g. Tonic notes C/g, and Dominant G/d, without any
major or minor thirds.
Harmonica:
The harmonica, also called harp, French harp, Blues
harp, and mouth organ, is a free reed wind instrument
used primarily in blues and American folk music, jazz,
country music, and rock and roll. It is played by
blowing air into it or drawing air out by placing lips
over individual holes (reed chambers) or multiple
holes. The pressure caused by blowing or drawing air
into the reed chambers causes a reed or multiple reeds
to vibrate up and down creating sound. Each chamber
has multiple, variable-tuned brass or bronze reeds,
which are secured at one end and loose on the other
end, with the loose end vibrating and creating sound.
|